Language Is More Violent Than War - 1426 Words

â€Å"Who is to say that robbing people of its language is less violent than war?† Ray Gwyn Smith. I’ve always had this struggle with my identity because I am Mexican and American. I grew up speaking Spanish and English, and was always being policed on what language I was allowed to speak. If I was with my parents they only wanted me to speak in Spanish and when I was at school I was actually forced to only speak English. Gloria Anzaldua writes about the struggles Mexican Americans have in America within our own community and within the â€Å"American† standards. Langue is a part of our culture it’s how we begin to communicate with those around us. In this article she explains how Chicanos express themselves through language, we speak different English than White Americans and we speak different Spanish than Mexicans. We get criticized by both for speaking incorrectly; I think it’s important to shine light on the oppression of language in todayâ₠¬â„¢s life and how it affects our culture. I will discuss how our culture and language shapes our identity but there can be many obstacles oppressing the way you express yourself from within our own Chicano community and within white American community. America is a very diverse country shared with many cultures which is a beautiful thing and important to support everyone’s differences. This article, â€Å"How to Tame a Wild Tongue† focuses on the language and culture of â€Å"Mexican† people in different stages. The article discusses education, differentShow MoreRelatedHow A Wild Tongue By Gloria Anzaldua1236 Words   |  5 Pagesour society is slowly developing a more accepting attitude toward differences, several minority groups continue to suffer from cultural oppression. In her essay â€Å"How to Tame a Wild Tongue,† Gloria Anzaldà ºa explores the challenges encountered by these groups. She especially focuses on her people, the Chicanos, and describes the difficulties she faced practicing her mother tongue. She argues that for many years, the dominant American culture has silenced their language. She claims that by forcing themRead MoreThe American Of A Blind Old Woman1177 Words   |  5 Pagespow erful images. The last of these is of a wagonload of slaves three years before the Civil War, whose lives are saved from a frigid winter (however momentarily) by the kindness of two youths (Morrison). Not only is this clearly tied into American history, it also contains the distinctly American values of hope in the face of death, like the colonists had against the crushing odds of the Revolutionary War, and unity in spire of differences— after all, the children are most likely white consideringRead MoreDecolonization : The Wretched Of The Earth 250 )1737 Words   |  7 Pagesquestion constantly: In reality, who am I? (The Wretched of the Earth 250) For Fanon, therefore, colonialism is fundamentally a violent situation since the stage is set in motion between two kinds of interests--the interest of the colonizer and the interest of the colonized (Gordon 77). As a result, Fanon insists that decolonization entails a violent struggle between two parties since decolonization is the replacing of a certain species of men by another species of men (The WretchedRead MoreEssay about War1310 Words   |  6 Pagesconsidered is what is war and what is its definition. The student of war needs to be careful in examining definitions of war, for like any social phenomena, definitions are varied, and often the proposed definition masks a particular political or philosophical stance paraded by the author. This is as true of dictionary definitions as well as of articles on military or political history. Cicero defines war broadly as quot;a contention by forcequot;; Hugo Grotius adds that quot;war is the state of contendingRead Moretask 31185 Words   |  5 Pagesinstructed farmers what crops to grow and taxed the food crops, they formed and army using the native people, exploited the labor market, used Indian raw materials to fuel the industrial revolution, they even replaced Persian with English as the national language used in school and government (Luscombe, 2012). The EIC made a significant profit for itself and Britain. However as they continued to exploit the indigenous people of India, they became increasingly intolerant. The working conditions in IndiaRead MoreMartin Luther King Jr. Violence Essay1205 Words   |  5 Pagesmost probable change is to a more violent world† (Arendt pg 80). Violence is contagious, like a disease, which will destroy nations and our morals as human beings. Each individual has his or her own definition of violence and when it is acceptable or ethical to use it. Martin Luther King Jr., Walter Benjamin, and Hannah Arendt are among the many that wrote about the different facets of violence, in what cases it is ethical, the role we as individuals play in this violent society and the political aspectsRead MoreEssay on Video Game Violence1599 Words   |  7 Pagesgames to learn their ABC’s and 123’s. The problem is as children get older they are influenced by the video games they play and most of the video games in today’s society are violent and gory. Video games affect children and cause them to take on violent tendencies. These violent tendencies may be as subtle as inappropriate language or as obvious as getting into fights with others. Almost all video games contain violence. Dr. Craig Anderson, a psychologist who studies violence, declares: The rating itselfRead More The Ivory Coast Overview and Media Analysis Essay1635 Words   |  7 Pagesin 1999 and 2001 that served to replace the preexisting political powers, the country has been subject to a civil war since 2002. Today, the government is identified as a republic with strong executive power embodied by the president, President Gbagbo. The nation?s current state of unrest has greatly hampered its economic development and social and political stability, and the violent state of the country poses a serious threat for those wishing to do business with the Ivory Coast. Part 2: CountryRead MoreCivic culture In Yugoslavia Essay1647 Words   |  7 Pagesparticular racial, national, or cultural group and observance of that group’s customs, beliefs, or language†. Ethnicity defines many of us but a few want our definition to be â€Å"cleansed† and this is when civil conflict arises. Ethnicity is frequently cited as an explanation for conflicts in the post cold war era. Yugoslavia, a prime example of a system that encountered ethnic conflict that led to a violent civil war, consisted of six republics and two autonomous districts. The government at the time wantedRead MoreAmerican Islamophobia And The Syrian Refugees. The Majority1584 Words   |  7 Pagesrefugee crisis. Muslim people are fleeing Syria, a currently war torn country, and attempting to find asylum in more stable countries, one of which is the United States. However, the Muslim refugees fleeing Syria are often incorrectly stereotyped into being a â€Å"backwards, violen t people† and have their voices silenced and taken away, thus denying their right to safety by the American public. Adichie explains that with a word from her native language: â€Å"Stories, too, are defined by the principle of nkali:

Is There A Place For Ethics - 1075 Words

Is there a place for ethics in science? Does one as a physicist have the moral right to work on the practical exploitation of atomic energy? Regardless of whether the outcome of such a diabolic weapon is morally defensible, the burning question remains if it is ethical to use theoretical knowledge of physics to destroy great masses of people, civilians to be more specific. As brought to light in the thought-provoking drama Copenhagen, the debate regarding usage of nuclear bombs continues to be an issue of modern civilization, an issue that still vexes the moral systems of all the world’s nations. Although the concept of morality is lacking a clear-cut definition and is fraught with uncertainty, I firmly believe ethics could potentially play a quantum role in science because you want your ethical position to be based on thought which is clear and logic that is correct (Zalta). Upon reading the portrayal of Bohr and Heisenberg’s meeting in Copenhagen, one factor is ev ident. The two historical figures were certainly not presented as decisive scientists. Heisenberg, particularly, is torn between his own personal reluctance and moral compunction to create the atomic bomb as well as his concern for his homeland of Germany. Unlike Heisenberg, Bohr seems to have no drudging ethical concerns (Michaels). Heisenberg exclaims to Bohr, â€Å"I have to know what I’m deciding for them! Is it another defeat? Another nightmare like the nightmare I grew up with? Bohr, my childhood inShow MoreRelatedCase Analysis: Business Ethics in the Work Place1488 Words   |  6 PagesIntroduction This document presents my opinions about the cases presented in (Boatright, R., John (2003). Ethics and the Conduct of Business. Upper Saddle River, NJ: Prentice Hall.) and articles from (Ambrose, John (2009, January 16). My Own Opinion, The Washington Case#1.1: Johnson Johnson: The Tylenol Crisis This case study was a powerful example to illustrate the presence of ethics within the business environment today and the impacts they can have on not just shareholder’s earningsRead MoreIndividual Assignment: Consideration for Ethics and Diversity Proposal Choose One or Two Ethical Considerations and One or Two Diversity Considerations on a Company You Will Research or Your Present Place of Employment.973 Words   |  4 Pagesinformation over the last five weeks about department policies and best practices pertaining to ethical and diversity considerations. Based on these findings, the following proposal is presented to improve the strategic planning process. Diversity and ethics are buzzwords and are used frequently around the workplace. There are areas within both where making small changes could result in large benefits for the company’s HR strategic planning process. These considerations are important for the strategicRead MoreBusiness Ethics : More Important Than You Think1577 Words   |  7 PagesCynthia Kowalski Mr. Flynn English 3, Period 8 30 January 2015 Business Ethics: More Important Than You Think There is no debate that building a business from the ground up is a difficult thing to do. Then, take into account all of the nuts and bolts, the little things that go into running a business. You have employees, inventory, stock, finances and everything that might slip through the cracks to worry about. Most importantly businesses have public perceptions. This very thing defines a businessRead MoreA Brief Note On Ethics And Conduct And Behavior1089 Words   |  5 PagesEthics Research Report Student Name: Longfei Wang Student ID: 11529471 Executive Summary This report describe the two professional areas, they are Early Childhood and Public Relation (PR). In this two areas, this article illustrates the importance of three professional codes which are ethics, conduct and behavior. The report also reveal some ethical or unethical behaviors in the light of the two professional areas. Then the two professions will be compared in the codes ofRead MoreEstablishing a Code of Ethics: Planning Implementation and Evaluation Strategies within a Company1472 Words   |  6 Pagesestablishing a code of ethics, its planning, and implementation and evaluation strategies within a company. After brainstorming about the ethical values for the company it will be easier for the company to support non-profit organization as much as possible. A-Develop an appropriate standards and procedures section, such as a code of ethics. This Code of ethics is supported by the following essential assumptions: For the purpose of achieving the objectives of the companies, ethics are very importantRead MoreEthics Standards And The Field Of Accounting950 Words   |  4 PagesProfessional ethics are an absolute necessity in the field of accounting. Businesses rely on accountants to accurately report their financial information and give sound advise and consultation in regards to their business. There are standards and rules set in place to ensure that ethics and information is reported accurately. Laws and repercussions are created place to deter unethical and illegal accounting practices, although it still occurs in the business world on many levels. The field ofRead MoreMartin Marietta Case Essay1475 Words   |  6 PagesMartin Marietta: Managing Corporate Ethics (A) In an industry  overwhelmed with fraud and corruption, Martin  Marietta was ready to revamp their reputation to become an ethical company. This concept  catapulted a decade of creating, developing, and tweaking an ethics program. Martin Mariettas goal was to maintain a work place with descent people doing quality work (page 1). But with this idea came a series of difficult  challenges the company needed to overcome. Martin Marietta  arose to the  challengeRead MoreEthics Is Broader Than The Law Essay1094 Words   |  5 PagesIntroduction Ethics involves wider understanding of the human attributes regarding duties and rights. Ethical study carries in Massey University, and it has helped in clarifying that ethics is broader than the law. It helps in introducing different aspects such as justice, truthfulness and state of a person attributes. Taking example of staffs, it helps in integrating the social and cultural, gender and economic difference arising taking into consideration of Treaty of Waitangi. It empowers the staffsRead MoreEthics And Ethics Of Ethics Essay1491 Words   |  6 Pagesbeen using work-place resource to run personal side-business. She tells me a convincing story of personal adversity and struggling to get ahead, and ask to meet next day to talk about. About the same time, I receive and email reminding all employees that the work place ethics code forbids using work-place resources for personal financial profit. To make ethically right decision in this ethical dilemma, I will focus on the philosophe rs’ standpoint and reasoning of ethics of care, ethics of justice, utilitarianRead MoreEthics : Ethics And The Workplace1407 Words   |  6 PagesIn this day in age ethics is a big part of businesses. An Ethical employee tends to make decisions in the best interest of their employers, co-workers, and also outside companies other than themselves. This being said I will be discussing how ethics and communication can help and benefit you in the workplace and how it can build relationships with employees, what companies look for in their workplace using ethic also some statistics of how ethics benefits the workplace, and a few cons businesses

Free Range Parenting Is Too Dangerous For Children

Seungmin Jung Professor Steve Master COM 122 21 October 2015 One afternoon last december, in Washington, DC, police was alerted by a person to pick up a brother and sister, who were walking a mile heading home, and take them to their parents. After the police took the kids home, he warned the kids’ father of potential dangers that his kids could have faced while walking unsupervised. (Griffin) These days, there are many other cases similar to this where kids walking home unsupervised are reported to authority and taken into supervision with their parents being warned in some ways as a consequence. So what makes kids walking home unsupervised such a nation-wide controversy? Free-range parenting. Nowadays, free-range parenting is quite a big issue as the world is changing so rapidly and is no longer the same world that parents in this generation could freely roam around in their own childhood. Some argue that free-range parenting is nothing more than a mere negligence over their children in that the world is now simply too dangerous for t he children to explore on their own. They say that the world is no longer safe for a child to be outside alone and that so-called free-range parenting is just being irresponsible parents. However, they are wrong. Although free-range parenting may look so dangerous and unnecessarily risky, it, in fact, has far more advantages than disadvantages and is and has been an enormous necessity when raising children for a number of reasons: it makesShow MoreRelatedTiger Parenting Vs Tiger Parenting924 Words   |  4 PagesWhich Style Is for YOU? Free-Range or Tiger Parenting Throughout time, many parents have questioned themselves if its smarter to be a free-range parent or a tiger parent? What are the pros and cons to be a free-range parent? What is tiger parenting and what are the benefits? Parenting refers to the process of selecting the most appropriate way to ensure the physical, cognitive, and emotional wellbeing of one’s child. The process of choosing a parenting style cam often differ due to the factors suchRead MoreThe Mental Health Risk Associated With The Tiger Mom Parenting Style And How It Affects The Education Of Their1173 Words   |  5 PagesThe debate is on: The Mental Health risk associated with the Tiger Mom parenting style versus Western parenting style and how it affects the education of their kids. Recently we have been overwhelmed with the comments of strict parenting techniques used to enforce respect and discipline, education, and success. Attention has been focused on the 2011 book Battle Hymn of the Tiger Mother by Amy Chua. The Chinese culture Tiger Moms has made child rearing a mental Health issue, which could Read MoreThe Case For Free Range Parenting845 Words   |  4 PagesThe Case for Free-Range Parenting,† an article in The New York Times, Clemens Wergin discusses should children go out without parents or older people supervision. Wergin said parents don’t need to be with their children when they go out, and he thinks it can help child easier to fit in a new community. However, that is illegal in U.S, and most American children spent their free time at home. Today children have no freedom in their childhood because most parents are taking their children with them everywhereRead MoreIncarceration Of Americ The United States1487 Words   |  6 Pages our society creating and contributing factors include longer sentences, rising costs, prison gangs, rapes, racism and mental health issues. As the crime rate in America increases the amount of convictions increase. There are many reasons and a wide range of factors why people within our society commit crimes which leads to incarceration. â€Å"Reasons for committing a crime include greed, anger, jealously, revenge, or pride. Some people decide to commit a crime and carefully plan everything in advance toRead MoreSchool and Home Factors Influence the Education of Children4177 Words   |  17 Pagesâ€Å"School and Home Factors Influence the Education of Children† In Malaysia, a formal children education begin at the age of 7, the informal education normally start as early as 3 years-old provided by their parents, nursery centre or kindergartens. Parents have choice whether to send their children to government school or private school. For the government school, children will receive free education supports from the government for at least 12 years starting from 6 years of primary school and 6Read MoreSocial Controls Essay2969 Words   |  12 Pagesproposes that there are no natural limits on elementary human needs and desires. People will always want and seek further economic reward and it is thus not necessary to look for special motives for engaging in criminal activity. Human beings are born free to break the law and will only refrain from doing so under particular circumstances. It is these fundamental assumptions that form the basis of social control theories’ (Hopkins 2009, p.246). Therefore controls set in society are the reaso n humansRead MoreInflence of Parental Monitoring on Adolescent Decision Making9466 Words   |  38 PagesABSTRACT Adolescents, who are neither children nor adults, stand with a foot in each world (childhood and adulthood). Their intellectual and emotional development is greater than that of young children, yet they are not fully mature. By age 14, their basic cognitive skills are substantially similar to what they will be in adulthood, although they lack the experience of adults. They are likely to have a well-developed set of preferences and a set of moral values. Risk taking is a natural partRead MoreAlcoholics Generated From Family Essay1979 Words   |  8 Pagesdescribed children of alcoholics as victims of an alcoholic family environment characterized by disruption, deviant parental role models, inadequate parenting, and disturbed parent child relationships. (Black.1982) An adolescent’s home and family are their primary source of the concepts of what is considered acceptable for drinking. Therefore, it is hardly surprising, that children follow their parents’ example. In many other cases it is found that some children of parentsRead MoreLifespan Essay14430 Words   |  58 Pagesit is necessary. A At 0 months: ARDA took to the bottle/breast within the first day or so, and was feeding heartily within the first week. He has been gaining weight a little ahead of the normal charts. You are worried about ARDA building up too many fat cells, so you schedule the meals and measure the amount he has, making sure it is consistent from day to day. You let ARDAs hunger be your guide, and feed him on demand and until he is satisfied each time. You are pleased by this progressRead MoreThe Effects Of Neutral And Non Neutral Toys On Children1938 Words   |  8 PagesThe Effects of Neutral and Non-Neutral Toys on Children Our nation has improved rapidly in the aspect of a mutual goal for gender equality. Ever since World War 1, women have had many more responsibilities and rights to heed to. Although this is a significant feat, America lacks to disregard the source of the very dilemma. At exceedingly young ages, new generations are being taught by their parents and peers, strict gender roles and expectations through the most seemingly innocent source: their toys

Small Business Approach Value Creation By Finding Out If...

Abstract This dissertation‘s aim is to help small business approach value creation by finding out if there is a ROI number that can give way to only positive IRRs. The present work explored on the relationship established by Ijiri in 1978, Salamon in 1982 and Stark in 1987 between the cash recovery rate and the economic profit. In essence, the deviations that occur between ROI and IRR are because of the timing of the returns and the time horizon of the project. To take this matter into account, a model that generates the outcomes of an investment project was created. The results that stem from this model were later graphed and analyzed, concluding that IRRs that come from single ROIs can be delimited, but this delimitation cannot be defined, since data seems to cluster as ROI gets bigger. Furthermore, when results are extrapolated it can be determined that there is no ROI figure that results in no negative IRRs. This suggests SMEs must be careful when evaluating projects solely by the r eturn on the investment. Introduction 1.1 Background The creation of value is a vital activity to the success of a firm. Gabriel Hawawini and Claude Viallet rightfully argue in their book Finance for Executives: Managing for Value Creation (Hawawini Viallet, 2011) that â€Å"Managers should manage their firm’s resources with the objective of increasing the firm’s value†. This is evident, as a value deficit will make the firm unable to attract equity capital to fund its projects (Hawawini Show MoreRelatedEffects of Social Networking on Business Growth Development3775 Words   |  16 PagesCHAPTER ONE introduction The advent of the Atomic or Space Age has focused attention on the specific approach to business decision making. In no field of management has this been more pronounced than in the field of marketing. Following naturally from the more advanced technologically progress and higher standard of living in Canada, the United States and other developed economies, scientific marketing has made greater strides in North America than if has anywhere else in the world. TheRead MoreImplementation and Use of ERP Systems18074 Words   |  72 Pagesenterprise resource planning systems for improved business intelligence and decision making at ABC company Keywords and phrases in this document are: ABC (Activity based costing) IT (Information Technology) COTS (Commercial off the Shelf) MRP (Manufacturing Resource Planning) ERP (Enterprise Resource Planning) CEMLI (Configurations/Customization, Extension, Modification, Localization, and Integration) XYZABC (Information Technology Centre) BU (Business Unit) ROI (Returns on investment), ROC (Returns on Customers)Read MoreImpact Of Digital Marketing On E Commerce9734 Words   |  39 PagesPROJECT REPORT ON â€Å"IMPACT OF DIGITAL MARKETING OR E-COMMERCE IN CURRENT BUSINESS SCENARIO† (A CASE STUDY OF TATA CONSULTANCY SERVICES) SUBMITTED BY ANKUR NARANG ENROLLMENT NO.: 1321000782 UNDER SUPERVISION OF MR. SUPREET SINGH Submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for qualifying P G PROGRAMME IN MANAGEMENT In (MARKETING) INSTITUTE OF MANAGEMENT TECHNOLOGY CENTRE FOR DISTANCE LEARNING GHAZIABAD MAY, 2015 TABLE OF CONTENTS CHAPTER CONTENTSRead MoreGlobal Strategy and Leadership7994 Words   |  32 Pagesof strategy are treated as discrete, sequential activities. Chandler (1962) defined strategies as a straightforward process made up of two chronological activities. The following steps are typical of the method employed in this approach: 1. The establishment of clear strategic objectives 2. The analysis of an organisation’s strategic situation, its external environment, and its internal resources and capabilities. 3. The generation, evaluation and choiceRead MoreCustomer Relationship Management20711 Words   |  83 Pagestransaction-based marketing to customer retention by aiming at effective management (Christopher et al., 1991). The base of customer relationship management is relationship marketing and it stresses on profits generated through customer, lifetime value, retention and satisfaction created through implementing effective management (Chen and Popovich, 2003). Main aim of relationship marketing is to enable organizations to attain and maintain long-term healthy relationships with the customers in orderRead MoreLean Manufacturing5108 Words   |  21 Pages Design/methodology/approach – A combination of comprehensive literature review and visits to ten SMEs based in the East of the UK were employed in the study. The companies’ practices were observed to highlight the degree of lean manufacturing utilisation within these companies. This was followed by interviewing of the relevant and key personnel involved in lean implementation. Results were analysed and validated through workshops, case studies and Delphi techniques. Findings – Several critical factorsRead MoreIct 231 Exam Marking Guide5022 Words   |  21 Pagesdevelopment life cycle b. adaptive approach c. predictive approach d. waterfall approach 4. ____ is organising and directing other people to achieve a planned result within a predetermined schedule and budget. a. Risk management b. Weighted scoring c. Project management d. Payback analysis 5. The ____ of the system determines the amount of effort, which then determines the time and cost of the project. a. net present value b. benefits c. scope d. ROI 6. The ____ is the sequence ofRead MoreFamily Dollar Human Resources Organizational Analysis7933 Words   |  32 PagesStrategic HR Plan IV. Business Case V. References I. Executive Summary/Overview of Family Dollar EXECUTIVE SUMMARY This organizational analysis is an assessment of Family Dollar Inc., in regards to its overall strategic Human Resource functions. The analysis and recommendations are based on survey results, which were gathered from key employees in the organization. Based on our survey findings, we were able to assessRead MoreVb Sof 54012008 Words   |  49 Pagesactivities or transactions. ____ 2. Business-to-consumer electronic commerce occurs when a person sells an item through a Web auction site to another person. ____ 3. An airline ticket is an excellent example of an item with a high value-to-weight ratio. ____ 4. Electronic commerce reduces the speed and accuracy with which businesses can exchange information. ____ 5. Electronic payment can be easier to audit and monitor than payment made by check. ____ 6. Using the value chain reinforces the idea thatRead MoreFriar Tuck3015 Words   |  13 Pagesrelevance to the strategic plan† (Wideman, 1999). This of course is much easier said then done. However after completing the first step of the project by insuring that the project is necessary and pertains to the organizational mission the next step is finding the right person to oversee the project. This position is much like a quarterback leading a team to the goal line for a touchdown. To many the life of a project manager is simple; deliver a project according to three criteria: on time, on budget

Bend It Like Beckham Free Essays

Field Experience A feedback on the movie â€Å"Bend it like Beckham† ——-From the perspective of Cross-cultural communication : : :201120327 :2011? 10? 11? A feedback on the movie â€Å"Bend it like Beckham† ——-From the perspective of Cross-cultural communication Abstract: Based on the English movie â€Å"Bend It like Beckham†, this paper is going to reveal the cultural phenomenon hidden in this story. Divided into three parts, this paper mainly makes an analysis on two aspects, one is religion, and another is family culture. Finally, the author points out: it is very important for people of different cultures to understand and respect each other. We will write a custom essay sample on Bend It Like Beckham or any similar topic only for you Order Now Thus, a peaceful and harmonious world would be around us! 1. Introduction and analysis of the movie: Before the 1980s, African culture and Asian culture got terrible restriction in UK, however, after the 1980s; a large number of movies that describe immigrants’ life have emerged in film industry in England. Bend It like Beckham† is such a movie, which borrows cultural and racial difference between England and India, reflects how the two cultures co-exist and accept each other in a hard procedure As the immigrant of the second generation, Jess, a girl with talent to be a football player, shows her great admiration to Beckham,hoping, one day, she can play for England with Beckham shoulder by shoulder, while her mother believes that Jess has two great duties in life: to learn to prepare a complete Indian meal, and to marry a nice Indian boy. However, Jess never wants to be a housewife who can only cook. Jess’ love of soccer crosses over into a love of life. She runs onto the field as if simply at play, in her eyes’, football is not one part of aboard culture,but a natural thing in her living environment,however, it was not included in her clan and family culture,therefore, what she has to confront is the strait of the cultural conflicts caused by two co-existing culture. In fact, â€Å"Bend It like Beckham† is a product of cultural clash. One day, Jess was playing soccer with boys in the park; Of course, an Indian girl should not play soccer at all, since in her mother’s mind the game consists of â€Å"displaying your bare legs to complete strangers. † Jess is seen in the park by Juliette, who plays for the Hounslow Harriers, a woman’s team, and is recruited to join them. The coach is a young Irishman named Joe. Although she deceives her parents about her join into the football team, she loves them and understands their point of view. The cultural conflict is still upgrading when Jess falls in love with her coach,, which is undoubtedly an earthquake for Indian family, but, at the end of this movie, we can feel hope, the two family members shake their hands together, and Jess’s boyfriend begin to play cricket together. It seems that, English people are being accepted by Indian family. And the old Indian people get out from the dark shadow in their heart. Historically speaking, India was the colony of England for a long time, English people usually were gentlemen, but they look down upon Indian people. Jess’s father was a excellent cricket player, owing to cultural diffusion,he lost the chance to play cricket , fortunately, Jess got her family’s support and realized her father’s dream. Then, in the following part, I will give a detailed analysis about cultural differences under the influence of two different tradition and religion, 2. Cultural analysis 2. 1. Culture and family Although, a culture’s core values and world view derive primarily from its predominant religious view and cultural history, the family is the primary caretaker of these views and values and transmits them to new members of the culture. In this story, there are two families, the representatives of the two cultures, one is the ordinary England family, observed from the surface, and it is an open, modern, and fashioned family. However, In this story, Juliette’s mother misreads Jess and Juliette’s friendship as lesbian, so painful that she cried secretly, according to her attitude toward lesbian, we will realize English people is conservative in soul. The other one is an emigrate family from India, Indian parents are strict and traditional, they have strong religious belief. Which indicate what kind of Jess’s family is. As expected, it is incredible and unsupportable for a girl playing football. Family gives children knowledge about their historical background, information regarding the permanent nature of their culture, and specific behaviors, customs, traditions, and language associated with their ethnic or cultural group. In short, the family tells us, and others, who we are and what groups we are part of. ( K. A. Ocampo, 1993, 106). So next, I will render the different interaction pattern in English family and Indian family from two aspects: gender role and individualism- collectivism 2. . 1. gender role In India, males are usually considered the superior sex, as Samovar points out, men make most of the important decisions, inheriantance is through the male line, and a woman lives in her husband’s village after she marries. (Samovar, 2000,). Therefore, in India, boys give much freedom of expression than the girls, and girls are asked to help with the chores that keep the family functionin g. However, in British, women usually have the equal right as man does in family life, even in social activity. 2. 1. 2. ndividualism and collectivism Individualism and collectivism are learned through the family, which teaches children whom they must obey and who the dominant figures are in their life. In this movie, the Juliette from English nuclear family is much more self-reliant and self-responsible than Jess who from Indian Family, because, India is a typical country of extended family, people in India, share property, all material possession, food, work and love, perform religious rituals together, and often live under the same roof. There is a scene in this movie: when her sister’s would-be parents-in-law discovered her intimate behavior with Juliette whom was mistaken for a English boy,. Just because of Jess’s so-called â€Å"shameful behavior†, they break off her son’s engagement with Jess’s family according this story, it’s not difficult to get conclusion that India family is a typical collectivism; one people’s thing is the thing of the whole family. 2. 2. Culture and Religion: In this movie, you will find lots of religious elements in the story, to some extent, cross-religious communication is the cross-cultural communication. When religion jumps to life it displays a startling quality. It takes over. All else, while not silenced, becomes subdued and thrown into a supporting role†¦It calls the soul to the highest adventure it can undertake, a proposed journey across the jungles, peaks, and deserts of the human spirit (H. Smith, 1991, P9). So, from differ ent religions, we can understand different people’s spiritual and psychological needs or their behavior and habits, here, taking the Sikhism as example, we will have a better understanding of Jess’s family, Sikhs, followers of the Sikh religion, centered in Punjab State, in northwestern India. Sikhism is an ethical monotheism fusing elements of Hinduism and Islam. It was founded around 1950s, In Jess’s family’s living room is a large portrait of a Sikh spiritual leader, called Nanak, but above Jess’s bed is her own inspiration–the British soccer superstar David Beckham, and there is a distinctive contrast between Indian traditional belief and modern British cultural shock. According this story, it’s not difficult to get conclusion that it is incredible for Indian people to get married with a pagan or people without same belief, but, in British, Christianity is the dominant world view. In this land, it is not a easy job to infuse with the native Indian Sikh religion, and vice versa. Conclusion England is the birthplace of modern football game, English people’s enthusiasm to football caused football culture’s coming into being, which exactly stands for the national culture. While India is a country of dances and songs. The scene of Indian jolly wedding with dance and song in this movie is just the epitome of Indian culture. Young people always can accept new things easily, in this movie; it is the two girls who play the role of fusion of two cultures. There indeed are some cultural shocks during people’s communication around the world, no matter which aspect it is, religion, ethnic, family or something else. Now that we live in the same earth, it is very important for people of different cultures to understand and respect each other. Thus, a peaceful and harmonious world would be around us! References [1]. K. A. Ocampo, M. Bernal, G. P. Knight, (1993) â€Å"Gender, Race, and Ethnicity: The Sequencing of Social Constrancies,† New York: New York Press. [2]. Samovar, A. l. , Porter, R. E. , Stefani, A. L. (2000) Communication Between Cultures(Third Edition). Beijing: Foreign Language Teaching and Research Press [3]. H. Smith, (1991)The World’s Religions. New York: HarperCollins. How to cite Bend It Like Beckham, Essay examples Bend It Like Beckham Free Essays Field Experience A feedback on the movie â€Å"Bend it like Beckham† ——-From the perspective of Cross-cultural communication : : :201120327 :2011? 10? 11? A feedback on the movie â€Å"Bend it like Beckham† ——-From the perspective of Cross-cultural communication Abstract: Based on the English movie â€Å"Bend It like Beckham†, this paper is going to reveal the cultural phenomenon hidden in this story. Divided into three parts, this paper mainly makes an analysis on two aspects, one is religion, and another is family culture. Finally, the author points out: it is very important for people of different cultures to understand and respect each other. We will write a custom essay sample on Bend It Like Beckham or any similar topic only for you Order Now Thus, a peaceful and harmonious world would be around us! 1. Introduction and analysis of the movie: Before the 1980s, African culture and Asian culture got terrible restriction in UK, however, after the 1980s; a large number of movies that describe immigrants’ life have emerged in film industry in England. Bend It like Beckham† is such a movie, which borrows cultural and racial difference between England and India, reflects how the two cultures co-exist and accept each other in a hard procedure As the immigrant of the second generation, Jess, a girl with talent to be a football player, shows her great admiration to Beckham,hoping, one day, she can play for England with Beckham shoulder by shoulder, while her mother believes that Jess has two great duties in life: to learn to prepare a complete Indian meal, and to marry a nice Indian boy. However, Jess never wants to be a housewife who can only cook. Jess’ love of soccer crosses over into a love of life. She runs onto the field as if simply at play, in her eyes’, football is not one part of aboard culture,but a natural thing in her living environment,however, it was not included in her clan and family culture,therefore, what she has to confront is the strait of the cultural conflicts caused by two co-existing culture. In fact, â€Å"Bend It like Beckham† is a product of cultural clash. One day, Jess was playing soccer with boys in the park; Of course, an Indian girl should not play soccer at all, since in her mother’s mind the game consists of â€Å"displaying your bare legs to complete strangers. † Jess is seen in the park by Juliette, who plays for the Hounslow Harriers, a woman’s team, and is recruited to join them. The coach is a young Irishman named Joe. Although she deceives her parents about her join into the football team, she loves them and understands their point of view. The cultural conflict is still upgrading when Jess falls in love with her coach,, which is undoubtedly an earthquake for Indian family, but, at the end of this movie, we can feel hope, the two family members shake their hands together, and Jess’s boyfriend begin to play cricket together. It seems that, English people are being accepted by Indian family. And the old Indian people get out from the dark shadow in their heart. Historically speaking, India was the colony of England for a long time, English people usually were gentlemen, but they look down upon Indian people. Jess’s father was a excellent cricket player, owing to cultural diffusion,he lost the chance to play cricket , fortunately, Jess got her family’s support and realized her father’s dream. Then, in the following part, I will give a detailed analysis about cultural differences under the influence of two different tradition and religion, 2. Cultural analysis 2. 1. Culture and family Although, a culture’s core values and world view derive primarily from its predominant religious view and cultural history, the family is the primary caretaker of these views and values and transmits them to new members of the culture. In this story, there are two families, the representatives of the two cultures, one is the ordinary England family, observed from the surface, and it is an open, modern, and fashioned family. However, In this story, Juliette’s mother misreads Jess and Juliette’s friendship as lesbian, so painful that she cried secretly, according to her attitude toward lesbian, we will realize English people is conservative in soul. The other one is an emigrate family from India, Indian parents are strict and traditional, they have strong religious belief. Which indicate what kind of Jess’s family is. As expected, it is incredible and unsupportable for a girl playing football. Family gives children knowledge about their historical background, information regarding the permanent nature of their culture, and specific behaviors, customs, traditions, and language associated with their ethnic or cultural group. In short, the family tells us, and others, who we are and what groups we are part of. ( K. A. Ocampo, 1993, 106). So next, I will render the different interaction pattern in English family and Indian family from two aspects: gender role and individualism- collectivism 2. . 1. gender role In India, males are usually considered the superior sex, as Samovar points out, men make most of the important decisions, inheriantance is through the male line, and a woman lives in her husband’s village after she marries. (Samovar, 2000,). Therefore, in India, boys give much freedom of expression than the girls, and girls are asked to help with the chores that keep the family functionin g. However, in British, women usually have the equal right as man does in family life, even in social activity. 2. 1. 2. ndividualism and collectivism Individualism and collectivism are learned through the family, which teaches children whom they must obey and who the dominant figures are in their life. In this movie, the Juliette from English nuclear family is much more self-reliant and self-responsible than Jess who from Indian Family, because, India is a typical country of extended family, people in India, share property, all material possession, food, work and love, perform religious rituals together, and often live under the same roof. There is a scene in this movie: when her sister’s would-be parents-in-law discovered her intimate behavior with Juliette whom was mistaken for a English boy,. Just because of Jess’s so-called â€Å"shameful behavior†, they break off her son’s engagement with Jess’s family according this story, it’s not difficult to get conclusion that India family is a typical collectivism; one people’s thing is the thing of the whole family. 2. 2. Culture and Religion: In this movie, you will find lots of religious elements in the story, to some extent, cross-religious communication is the cross-cultural communication. When religion jumps to life it displays a startling quality. It takes over. All else, while not silenced, becomes subdued and thrown into a supporting role†¦It calls the soul to the highest adventure it can undertake, a proposed journey across the jungles, peaks, and deserts of the human spirit (H. Smith, 1991, P9). So, from differ ent religions, we can understand different people’s spiritual and psychological needs or their behavior and habits, here, taking the Sikhism as example, we will have a better understanding of Jess’s family, Sikhs, followers of the Sikh religion, centered in Punjab State, in northwestern India. Sikhism is an ethical monotheism fusing elements of Hinduism and Islam. It was founded around 1950s, In Jess’s family’s living room is a large portrait of a Sikh spiritual leader, called Nanak, but above Jess’s bed is her own inspiration–the British soccer superstar David Beckham, and there is a distinctive contrast between Indian traditional belief and modern British cultural shock. According this story, it’s not difficult to get conclusion that it is incredible for Indian people to get married with a pagan or people without same belief, but, in British, Christianity is the dominant world view. In this land, it is not a easy job to infuse with the native Indian Sikh religion, and vice versa. Conclusion England is the birthplace of modern football game, English people’s enthusiasm to football caused football culture’s coming into being, which exactly stands for the national culture. While India is a country of dances and songs. The scene of Indian jolly wedding with dance and song in this movie is just the epitome of Indian culture. Young people always can accept new things easily, in this movie; it is the two girls who play the role of fusion of two cultures. There indeed are some cultural shocks during people’s communication around the world, no matter which aspect it is, religion, ethnic, family or something else. Now that we live in the same earth, it is very important for people of different cultures to understand and respect each other. Thus, a peaceful and harmonious world would be around us! References [1]. K. A. Ocampo, M. Bernal, G. P. Knight, (1993) â€Å"Gender, Race, and Ethnicity: The Sequencing of Social Constrancies,† New York: New York Press. [2]. Samovar, A. l. , Porter, R. E. , Stefani, A. L. (2000) Communication Between Cultures(Third Edition). Beijing: Foreign Language Teaching and Research Press [3]. H. Smith, (1991)The World’s Religions. New York: HarperCollins. How to cite Bend It Like Beckham, Papers

Quintessential Kelly Essay Sample free essay sample

Andrew Kelly has been employed by the Wearever Tire and Rubber Company for more than 25 old ages. Kelly is. despite his long service. merely 43 old ages of age. He began employment in the mail room right after high school. received several publicities. and was. at the age of 21 transferred to the recognition section. Kelly has been at that place of all time since and is now the senior employee in the section of 60 people. Kelly is the quintessential â€Å"valuable employee. † His trueness to the company has neer wavered or been questioned. His attending and promptness records are virtually without defect. He is a consistent worker. though. â€Å"no mastermind. † and has efficient work wonts that merely old ages of service bring to a adult male of his kind. Kelly is friendly but non gregarious. He makes no moving ridges. and when he sees a job. he takes attention of it without remark. We will write a custom essay sample on Quintessential Kelly Essay Sample or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Kelly was frequently portrayed by his supervisors and co-workers as a â€Å"good soldier. † Robert Bennington. who had been recognition director for 26 old ages. has announced his retirement. Management is now faced with the job of choosing his replacing. This is no easy undertaking since Bennington and Kelly have been good friends for many old ages. The retiring director has. as would be expected. recommended that his friend Kelly replace him. Top direction. nevertheless. long ago pegged Kelly as â€Å"not good direction stuff. † While the people who originally rated Kelly have long since retired. the present direction merely believes Kelly is non aggressive plenty to be the effectual leader of 59 other workers. Furthermore. a younger adult male with five old ages of experience in recognition has caught management’s oculus. Mike Fitzmaurice is 30 old ages old and â€Å"looks similar direction stuff. † Too. he outclasses Kelly in instruction with an accounting grade from a outstanding school of concern. along with some extra work toward an MBA. From the start. Fitzmaurice has been a Wearever â€Å"junior executive† in the company’s preparation plan. He appears to do up for his limited experience with thrust and originality. Peoples atWearever seem to believe he can â€Å"go far. † Top direction would wish to advance Fitzmaurice to the place of recognition director but frights that the senior employee. Kelly. might be so pained that his effectivity as a hard-working employee would be diminished. There is besides an component of management’s looking thankless for Kelly’s old ages of service. Other employees might come to believe that service counts for nil. Wearever. like many other big houses. has rewarded worker length of service with a bundle of benefits. inducements and frequently publicity. The retirement of the recognition director has forced the issue. Wearever must now make up ones mind on old dependable Kelly. or the bright fledgling Fitzmaurice. Case Questions: 1. Should the company promote Kelly on the footing of senior status and dependability. What are the hazards if it does? What are the hazards if it doesn’t? 2. What options exist beyond the simple Kelly-or-Fitzmaurice pick?

Fundamental of Investing Case Study of Mr.A

Question: Describe about the Fundamental of Investing, a case study of Mr. A? Answer: Introduction In the current investment market scenario, investment is a procedure that helps the people to mobilise their savings. In the current case study, Mr.A has retired from it MNC firm for which he has been compensate him with SGD 350000. Since then MR. A is looking for investment opportunities in order to multiply his savings for the future return (Brentani, 2004). There are several offers has been given by the several companies from mutual fund companies to real investment to investment in energy related asset. The study will take through the various risk and return phase in the present investment options. Supply and Demand Analysis Mr. A is considering the Michael offers to invest in energy. The price of the oil has been increased has been increased rapidly. The Singapore is one of the premier hub of oil and gas which is valuable sectors that contributes more than 5% of Singapore GDP (Fanchi Fanchi, 2013). Apart from that, National energy policy report of 2007 shows that, growth in the energy is sector is higher than any other investment. As per the report of SP, in 2015, Singapore oil and gas sector will be grow with SGD 1.47 billion. Apart from that , investment in various mutual fund portfolio like equity, insurance and debt and bonds are some of the major investment areas. Since, the Ms. Kelly has asked the Mr.A to invest SGD 100,000 in their business which will give return of nearly 8-12% per annum (Goldstein Razin, 2002). The demand of shares and equity is been rising but there is higher risk because of 2008 market crash. Moreover, the demand for the real estate is in Singapore as per the Singapore land authority is higher but due to housing bubble in 2008 has been one of the major drawback of pricing of the pretty has been increased since 2008. But the rumor has it that, it will be bounce back in 2016 (Kaminsky, Lyons Schmukler, 2001). Investor Profiling Since Mr.A is very much Non aggressive and looking for long term returns. Investor portfolio as per the Singapore market Investment profiling for Mr. A Total investment % Total amount SGD (Total amount in cash1.5 million) Equity 5% 7500 Bond 20% 30,000 Insurance 25% 37500 Investment in energy sector 50% 75000 Real Estate 20% 30,000 Graph 1: Investor profiling (Source: Abdul karim Fleming, 2012, pp-220) Life cycle Energy sector is one of the inflation protected securities sector which has been growing since 2005. Apart from that, government bonds are non taxable income against the inflations change. Investment profiling for Mr. A Years of investment Return in % Return of investment Equity 2 years 18% 8850 Bond 3years 50% 45000 Insurance 10 years 10.5% 41437.5 Investment in energy sector 3 years 12% 84000 Real Estate 5 years 20% 36000 From the above , it has been found that , life cycle of the investment shows that, Mr.A will have greater return on investment from insurance , bon sand energy sector because of high invest are made in these portfolios (Wu, 2012). Legal framework and Ethics As per the legal framework SFA (Securities and future act) and the financial advisors act 110 has set the regulations for entering into the capital market of Singapore. Market intermediaries those have CMSL capital market licensing are under the act of administrated by the MAS. A person who is looking to trade in these areas needed to be manage need to have the authorization from these houses for equity and bond market (Nelken, 2006). As per the given report, SGX have more than 1110 market intermediaries under the MAS. The companies act 50 deals with the entire company related stock market from incorporating to winding up. Ethical trading While conducting trade within the capital market or investing in the capital market, SGX follows some set of norms: No sharing of company internal information (insider trading) Taking the fair brokerage prices from the every single customer. Fair and equal means opportunity for every investors (Kaminsky, Lyons Schmukler, 2001). No coercion and forcing to customers to invest in any form of investment Risk and Return Capital market: Investment in capital market has been growing as per the SGX report since 1999. The growth in equity, bond and insurance are some of the major growing market is more than 12% per annum. However, there is risk associated with the share and bond market is higher because of the uncertainty and non guaranteed areas (Goldstein Razin, 2005). Real estate: Real Estate market is open of the growing market as per the global property guide .com. however, during the 2012, the Singapore housing and land cost is bubble burst because it is decrease of 0.7% in third quarter is one of the major areas of concern (Akiba Iida, 2004). Investment in energy sector: Investment in energy sector is one of the better investment opportunities for the investors because the return is more than 3% of total GDP . There is high chances of gaining the higher return (Bellace, 2014). However, forming cartel by the OPEC nation and reform laws are one of the major loopholes areas that can increase the price of oil. Time value of money For the chosen the investment patter shows that, equity market would give higher return with 8-12% in SGD. With help of NPV , the entire investment of Mr. A will analysed (Cartier, 1998). This will help the Mr.A to choose the best options viable for him. Investment profiling for Mr. A Years of investment Return in % Return of investment Equity 2 years 18% 8850 Bond 3years 50% 45000 Insurance 10 years 10.5% 41437.5 Investment in energy sector 3 years 12% 84000 Real Estate 5 years 20% 36000 Equity :NPV=-150000 + 8850 /1.18 +8850/(1.39) =-150000 + 7500+6367 =-136133 Bond : -150000 +45000/1.5+ 45000/2.25+ 45000/3.37 = -150000 + 30000+ 20,000 + 13353 =-88647 From the above, it has been found that, time value of money for the each of the investment would be different each other. The Reason for taking 1$ today rather than at some point of time because the dollar received today can be invested to make more money in future (Chua Chou, 2010). Apart from that, saving today allows to earn interest on their saving of 1$ which will give higher return in future. Analysis of different investment Investment in capital market: Investment is capital is one of the most prominent way to increase the investment. However, MR. A has to keep track of the every invested money that has been invested in the separate mutual funds including bonds, insurance , equity , foreign stocks and foreign currencies (Fu Jennen, 2008). Investment in real estate market: Investment in real estate market in the Singapore is current not worth because of housing bubble scenarios is going to burst (Lecomte Ooi, 2012). Although the Mr.Lawrance promises to pay more than 20% of the return but the chances of losing the money is higher. Investment in Energy sector: As per the given report, company Z Michael promise the return would be more than 3% growth at every quarter which is one of the lucrative investment. However, these energy sector are very much under government regulations norms which is gain very risky for more than 1 year of investment (Tu, Ong Han,2008). Money market: Other major areas of investment would be money market where the bond is purchase for less than six month and return are fixed guaranteed by the public sector banks. Analysis different investment Proposal From the above analysis, the chosen investment area for Mr. A is capital market and investment in energy and retail sector. Energy sector: Energy sector companies like AD TEK Pty Ltd and EZRA holdings of Singapore has growth of more than 23% from next year (Ema.gov.sg, 2015). Mr.Micheal has made right kind of offer which helps the Mr.A to gain the double the present investment. Rest, mutual funds and real estate is also booming industry but investment in the land and real estate can be very much risky because of the growth rate of the company is decreasing every year by 2.3% which can creates housing bubble (www.garp.org,. 2015). On the other hand, investing mutual funds would increase the investment with growth of more than 9.05% approximately. Recommendations Credit risk: Credit risk for energy sector Credit risk in energy sector of Singapore Percent (%) Too much of borrowing 8.3% Weak statements 22.67% Poor previous record of energy sector 17.3% Total debt 5.2% Method of operation: Energy sector in Singapore uses multi attribute utility theory (MAUT) which help the industry or companies to convert the utility into total quantity. There are various trends within the energy sector of Singapore such as wholesale trading, pricing volatility , real time pricings and environmental regulations and advance technology (Okp.listedcompany.com, 2015). Major profit are coming from the whole selling of the products to the offshore companies and in ASEAN region. The guarantee: The investment in energy sector is very much has higher return which is backed by the EMA (Energy market authority). Energy market authority is very is regulatory bodies that promise to protect the interest of investors (Tu, Ong Han,2008). Energy sector: Investment in energy sector would helps the Mr. A to fund their children higher education along with pay the net and taxes of his monthly expenditure (Fu Jennen, 2008). Conclusion From the above study, it has been found that, Mr.A has various option for investment. Investing mutual fund will help the Mr. A to gain the ROI with 8-12 % per annum. Apart from that investment in real estate will give the Mr.A return worth of 20%. Lastly investment in energy sector would help the Mr.A to gain more than 20% of growth. However, there is risk in mutual fund because of the recent recession. Moreover , there is huge risk in investing in the real estate where the chances of housing bubble is higher as per the SGX report. Reference List Books Brentani, C. (2004). Portfolio management in practice. Oxford [England]: Burlington, MA. Fanchi, J., Fanchi, J. (2013). Energy in the 21st century. Singapore: World Scientific. Goldstein, I., Razin, A. (2002). An information-based trade off between foreign direct investment and foreign portfolio investment. Cambridge, Mass.: National Bureau of Economic Research. Goldstein, I., Razin, A. (2005). Foreign direct investment vs. foreign portfolio investment. Cambridge, Mass.: National Bureau of Economic Research. Kaminsky, G., Lyons, R., Schmukler, S. (2001). Mutual fund investment in emerging markets. Washington, DC: World Bank, Development Research Group, Macroeconomics and Growth. Nelken, I. (2006). Hedge fund investment management. Amsterdam: Elsevier/Butterworth-Heinemann. Wu, K. (2012). Energy Economy in China. Singapore: World Scientific Publishing Company. Journals Abdul karim, n., Fleming, e. (2012). factors affecting foreign direct investment in malaysia's manufacturing sector: An analysis across states. Singapore Econ. Rev., 57(04), 1250015. doi:10.1142/s0217590812500154 Akiba, h., Iida, y. (2004). Some empirical evidence of exchange market pressure in singapore. Singapore Econ. Rev., 49(01), 55-69. doi:10.1142/s0217590804000792 Bellace, J. (2014). American unions and the economy the unheard voice of a shrinking sector. Singapore Econ. Rev., 59(04), 1450029. doi:10.1142/s0217590814500295 Cartier, C. (1998). Mega development in malaysia: from heritage landscapes to "leisurescapes" in melaka's tourism sector. Singapore J Trop Geo, 19(2), 151-176. doi:10.1111/j.1467-9493.1998.tb00257.x Chua, K., Chou, S. (2010). Energy performance of residential buildings in Singapore. Energy, 35(2), 667-678. doi:10.1016/j.energy.2009.10.039 Fu, Y., Jennen, M. (2008). Office Construction in Singapore and Hong Kong: Testing Real Option Implications. J Real Estate Finance Econ, 38(1), 39-58. doi:10.1007/s11146-008-9145-z Lecomte, P., Ooi, J. (2012). Corporate Governance and Performance of Externally Managed Singapore Reits. The Journal Of Real Estate Finance And Economics, 46(4), 664-684. doi:10.1007/s11146-012-9377-9 Tu, Y., Ong, S., Han, Y. (2008). Turnovers and Housing Price Dynamics: Evidence from Singapore Condominium Market. J Real Estate Finance Econ, 38(3), 254-274. doi:10.1007/s11146-008-9155-x Websites Ema.gov.sg,. (2015). EMA : Home. Retrieved 25 February 2015, from https://www.ema.gov.sg/index.aspx www.garp.org,. (2015). CREDIT RISK MANAGEMENT. Retrieved 25 February 2015, from https://www.garp.org/media/489989/credit%20slides.pdf Okp.listedcompany.com,. (2015). OKP Holdings Limited - Financials. Retrieved 25 February 2015, from https://okp.listedcompany.com/financials.html.